在Yosemite 10.10.3上安装Nokogiri
我有：
- Mac OS X Yosemite 10.10.3
- MacPorts（不是Brew）
- 系统中的Ruby 2（不是RVM）
我想安装Nokogiri并尝试：
port install nokogiri 得到了：
Building native extensions. This could take a while... ERROR: Error installing nokogiri: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20150323-30174-1mqhl4i.rb extconf.rb checking if the C compiler accepts ... yes checking if the C compiler accepts -Wno-error=unused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future... no Building nokogiri using packaged libraries. checking for gzdopen() in -lz... yes checking for iconv... yes ************************************************************************ IMPORTANT NOTICE: Building Nokogiri with a packaged version of libxml2-2.9.2 with the following patches applied: - 0001-Revert-Missing-initialization-for-the-catalog-module.patch - 0002-Fix-missing-entities-after-CVE-2014-3660-fix.patch Team Nokogiri will keep on doing their best to provide security updates in a timely manner, but if this is a concern for you and want to use the system library instead; abort this installation process and reinstall nokogiri as follows: gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries [--with-xml2-config=/path/to/xml2-config] [--with-xslt-config=/path/to/xslt-config] If you are using Bundler, tell it to use the option: bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries bundle install Note, however, that nokogiri is not fully compatible with arbitrary versions of libxml2 provided by OS/package vendors. ************************************************************************ Extracting libxml2-2.9.2.tar.gz into tmp/x86_64-apple-darwin14/ports/libxml2/2.9.2... OK Running patch with /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxml2/0001-Revert-Missing-initialization-for-the-catalog-module.patch... Running 'patch' for libxml2 2.9.2... OK Running patch with /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxml2/0002-Fix-missing-entities-after-CVE-2014-3660-fix.patch... Running 'patch' for libxml2 2.9.2... OK Running 'configure' for libxml2 2.9.2... OK Running 'compile' for libxml2 2.9.2... ERROR, review '/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ext/nokogiri/tmp/x86_64-apple-darwin14/ports/libxml2/2.9.2/compile.log' to see what happened. *** extconf.rb failed *** Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may need configuration options. Provided configuration options: --with-opt-dir --without-opt-dir --with-opt-include --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include --with-opt-lib --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib --with-make-prog --without-make-prog --srcdir=. --curdir --ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby --help --clean --use-system-libraries --enable-static --disable-static --with-zlib-dir --without-zlib-dir --with-zlib-include --without-zlib-include=${zlib-dir}/include --with-zlib-lib --without-zlib-lib=${zlib-dir}/lib --enable-cross-build --disable-cross-build /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/mini_portile-0.6.2/lib/mini_portile.rb:279:in `block in execute': Failed to complete compile task (RuntimeError) from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/mini_portile-0.6.2/lib/mini_portile.rb:271:in `chdir' from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/mini_portile-0.6.2/lib/mini_portile.rb:271:in `execute' from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/mini_portile-0.6.2/lib/mini_portile.rb:70:in `compile' from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/mini_portile-0.6.2/lib/mini_portile.rb:110:in `cook' from extconf.rb:278:in `block in process_recipe' from extconf.rb:177:in `tap' from extconf.rb:177:in `process_recipe' from extconf.rb:475:in `' extconf failed, exit code 1 Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2 for inspection. Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-14/2.0.0/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/gem_make.out
我试过了：
gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries
得到了：
Building native extensions with: '--use-system-libraries' This could take a while... ERROR: Error installing nokogiri: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20150323-34882-16v74a8.rb extconf.rb --use-system-libraries checking if the C compiler accepts ... yes checking if the C compiler accepts -Wno-error=unused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future... no Building nokogiri using system libraries. checking for xmlParseDoc() in libxml/parser.h... no checking for xmlParseDoc() in -lxml2... no checking for xmlParseDoc() in -llibxml2... no ----- libxml2 is missing. Please locate mkmf.log to investigate how it is failing. ----- *** extconf.rb failed *** Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may need configuration options. Provided configuration options: --with-opt-dir --without-opt-dir --with-opt-include --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include --with-opt-lib --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib --with-make-prog --without-make-prog --srcdir=. --curdir --ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby --help --clean --use-system-libraries --with-zlib-dir --without-zlib-dir --with-zlib-include --without-zlib-include=${zlib-dir}/include --with-zlib-lib --without-zlib-lib=${zlib-dir}/lib --with-xml2-dir --without-xml2-dir --with-xml2-include --without-xml2-include=${xml2-dir}/include --with-xml2-lib --without-xml2-lib=${xml2-dir}/lib --with-libxml-2.0-config --without-libxml-2.0-config --with-pkg-config --without-pkg-config --with-xslt-dir --without-xslt-dir --with-xslt-include --without-xslt-include=${xslt-dir}/include --with-xslt-lib --without-xslt-lib=${xslt-dir}/lib --with-libxslt-config --without-libxslt-config --with-exslt-dir --without-exslt-dir --with-exslt-include --without-exslt-include=${exslt-dir}/include --with-exslt-lib --without-exslt-lib=${exslt-dir}/lib --with-libexslt-config --without-libexslt-config --with-xml2lib --without-xml2lib --with-libxml2lib --without-libxml2lib extconf failed, exit code 1 Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2 for inspection. Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-14/2.0.0/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/gem_make.out
我试过了：
port install libxml2
得到了：
---> Computing dependencies for libxml2 ---> Cleaning libxml2 ---> Scanning binaries for linking errors ---> No broken files found.
我还能做些什么才能安装Nokogiri？
由于MacPorts（和其他类似的包管理器）在非标准位置安装包，因此无法自动确定libxml2的路径。 您第一次尝试时的警告提供了有关如何解决此问题的信息：
gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries [--with-xml2-config=/path/to/xml2-config] [--with-xslt-config=/path/to/xslt-config]
你说你尝试过gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries 。 Nokogiri文档建议您需要添加以下两个选项之一：
-
--with-xml2-config–xml2-config二进制文件的路径（尝试which xml2-config） -
--with-xml2-dir–libxml2基本安装目录的路径
如果您已将libxml2和/或libxslt安装在非标准位置（读作“not / opt / local，/ usr / local，/ usr或标准Ruby目录”），则可以使用命令行参数来创建gem安装命令润滑车轮。
gem安装nokogiri –
–use-system-libraries \
–with-xml2-dir = / path / to / dir \
–with-XSLT-DIR = /路径/到/ DIR
此页面为各种包管理器（包括MacPorts）提供适当的命令：
gem install nokogiri -- \ --with-xml2-include=/opt/local/include/libxml2 \ --with-xml2-lib=/opt/local/lib \ --with-xslt-dir=/opt/local
检查您的机器上是否安装了Xcode，然后在终端中运行xcode-select --install 。 这应该可以解决问题，并允许您运行sudo gem install rails