rake db：migrate生成“rake aborted！ 找不到表“错误
我是Rails的新手，我正在为我的雇主构建一个简单的项目跟踪应用程序。 我一直在我的Mac上开发应用程序并将其推送到github。 我只是设法将我的github repo克隆到我公司防火墙后面的一个Windows框中，希望让同事们试用这个应用程序。
但是当我去rake db：migrate来初始化windows框中的数据库时，我收到以下错误消息：
$ rake db:migrate --trace ** Invoke db:migrate (first_time) ** Invoke environment (first_time) ** Execute environment rake aborted! Could not find table 'projects' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_reco rd/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb:29:in `table_structure' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/faker-0.3.1/lib/extensions/object. rb:3:in `returning' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_reco rd/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb:28:in `table_structure' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_reco rd/connection_adapters/sqlite_adapter.rb:228:in `columns' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_reco rd/base.rb:1271:in `columns' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_reco rd/base.rb:1279:in `columns_hash' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_reco rd/base.rb:1578:in `find_one' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_reco rd/base.rb:1569:in `find_from_ids' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_reco rd/base.rb:616:in `find' c:/Rails_Projects/molex_app/config/routes.rb:15 c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_contro ller/routing/route_set.rb:226:in `draw' c:/Rails_Projects/molex_app/config/routes.rb:1 c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.5/lib/active_sup port/dependencies.rb:145:in `load_without_new_constant_marking' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.5/lib/active_sup port/dependencies.rb:145:in `load' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.5/lib/active_sup port/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.5/lib/active_sup port/dependencies.rb:145:in `load' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_contro ller/routing/route_set.rb:286:in `load_routes!' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_contro ller/routing/route_set.rb:286:in `each' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_contro ller/routing/route_set.rb:286:in `load_routes!' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-2.3.5/lib/action_contro ller/routing/route_set.rb:266:in `reload!' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.5/lib/initializer.rb:537 :in `initialize_routing' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.5/lib/initializer.rb:188 :in `process' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.5/lib/initializer.rb:113 :in `send' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.5/lib/initializer.rb:113 :in `run' c:/Rails_Projects/molex_app/config/environment.rb:9 c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in ` gem_original_require' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in ` require' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.5/lib/active_sup port/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.5/lib/active_sup port/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.5/lib/active_sup port/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.5/lib/tasks/misc.rake:4 c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:617:in `cal l' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:617:in `exe cute' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:612:in `eac h' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:612:in `exe cute' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:578:in `inv oke_with_call_chain' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/1.8/monitor.rb:242:in `synchronize' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:571:in `inv oke_with_call_chain' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:588:in `inv oke_prerequisites' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:585:in `eac h' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:585:in `inv oke_prerequisites' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:577:in `inv oke_with_call_chain' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/1.8/monitor.rb:242:in `synchronize' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:571:in `inv oke_with_call_chain' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:564:in `inv oke' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:2019:in `in voke_task' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:1997:in `to p_level' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:1997:in `ea ch' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:1997:in `to p_level' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:2036:in `st andard_exception_handling' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:1991:in `to p_level' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:1970:in `ru n' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:2036:in `st andard_exception_handling' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/lib/rake.rb:1967:in `ru n' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.3/bin/rake:31 c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/bin/rake:19:in `load' c:/RubyonRails/Ruby187/bin/rake:19 我的gem列表如下所示：
$ gem list *** LOCAL GEMS *** actionmailer (2.3.5) actionpack (2.3.5) activerecord (2.3.5) activeresource (2.3.5) activesupport (2.3.5) faker (0.3.1) rack (1.0.1, 1.0.0) rails (2.3.5) rake (0.8.3) sqlite3-ruby (1.3.0 x86-mingw32) will_paginate (2.3.12)
我在Windows框上的schema.rb文件如下所示：
# This file is auto-generated from the current state of the database. Instead of editing this file, # please use the migrations feature of Active Record to incrementally modify your database, and # then regenerate this schema definition. # # Note that this schema.rb definition is the authoritative source for your database schema. If you need # to create the application database on another system, you should be using db:schema:load, not running # all the migrations from scratch. The latter is a flawed and unsustainable approach (the more migrations # you'll amass, the slower it'll run and the greater likelihood for issues). # # It's strongly recommended to check this file into your version control system. ActiveRecord::Schema.define(:version => 20100915193510) do create_table "assets", :force => true do |t| t.integer "project_id" t.datetime "created_at" t.datetime "updated_at" t.string "image_file_name" t.string "image_content_type" t.integer "image_file_size" t.datetime "image_updated_at" end create_table "macroposts", :force => true do |t| t.text "content" t.integer "user_id" t.integer "project_id" t.datetime "created_at" t.datetime "updated_at" end create_table "projects", :force => true do |t| t.string "title" t.integer "status", :limit => 255 t.integer "program_manager_id" t.integer "design_engineer_id" t.string "sales_engineer" t.string "customer" t.string "market_size" t.string "project_code" t.datetime "created_at" t.datetime "updated_at" end add_index "projects", ["design_engineer_id"], :name => "index_projects_on_design_engineer_id" add_index "projects", ["program_manager_id"], :name => "index_projects_on_program_manager_id" create_table "statuses", :force => true do |t| t.string "status_name" t.integer "status_code" t.datetime "created_at" t.datetime "updated_at" end create_table "users", :force => true do |t| t.string "name" t.string "email" t.datetime "created_at" t.datetime "updated_at" t.string "encrypted_password" t.string "salt" t.string "remember_token" t.boolean "admin", :default => false t.string "avatar_file_name" t.string "avatar_content_type" t.integer "avatar_file_size" t.datetime "avatar_updated_at" end add_index "users", ["email"], :name => "index_users_on_email", :unique => true add_index "users", ["remember_token"], :name => "index_users_on_remember_token" end
由于这是我第一次在这台机器上运行迁移，我希望迁移过程不应该在创建之前访问“项目”表。 但是我注意到“projects”表没有在schema.rb中列出，直到与它相关联的几个表（assets，macroposts）之后。这是问题的根源吗？
或者是某种gem依赖问题在这里工作？ 我注意到’faker’gem显示在错误列表的顶部，即使我甚至没有真正使用它，除了在我的测试中（从Michael Hartl的RailsTutorial.org复制。）
感谢您提供的任何帮助或建议！
Dean Richardson Genlighten.com
在过去的几个星期里，我一直在努力解决这个问题。 当我使用--trace.运行rake db:migrate时，答案才变得清晰--trace. 在那里，我注意到堆栈跟踪抱怨factory_girl无法实例化丢失的表项。
我进入了我的factory.rb文件并删除了有问题的模型，然后我就可以运行rake db:migrate 。 另外，对我来说问题是：
Factory.define :table1 do |b| b.name "table1" b.rating 5 b.table2_relation Factory(:table2) end
在这种情况下，工厂内的工厂试图在rake任务期间插入。 由于该表尚不存在，它已经爆炸了。 在一点点帮助下，我发现正确的方法是：
Factory.define :table1 do |b| b.name "table1" b.rating 5 b.table2_relation {Factory(:table2)} end
我刚遇到同样的问题。 rake db:create可以工作，但运行其他任何东西，比如rake db:schema:load或rake db:migrate ，失败并显示有关丢失表的错误。 克里斯海因的回答指出了我正确的方向。 缺少的表在规范中被引用，并且由于某种原因，它们在rake任务运行之前作为环境的一部分被加载。 我刚刚移动specs文件夹，运行rake任务，然后将其移回。
可能想尝试rake db:create也确保你的配置文件指向你想要的sql server是正确的。
还要确保所有迁移文件都很好，并且没有任何语法错误或类似的东西。
有一个类似的问题，它与factory_girl有关，克里斯指出。 这种方式似乎是解决它的一种更简单的方法：
在Gemfile中，定义像这样的工厂女孩：
gem 'factory_girl_rails', :require => false
然后在spec_helper.rb文件中：
require 'factory_girl_rails'
以下是原始答案的链接： FactoryGirl搞砸了rake db：migrate进程