Capistrano无法创建符号链接：文件存在
我有Capistrano 3的Rails 4应用程序。
# deploy.rb set :application, '' set :user, '' set :repo_url, '' set :branch, 'master' ask :branch, proc { `git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD`.chomp } set :deploy_to, "/home/#{fetch :user}/apps/#{fetch :application}" set :scm, :git set :format, :pretty set :log_level, :debug set :pty, true set :linked_files, %w{config/application.yml} set :linked_dirs, %w{bin log tmp vendor/bundle public/system public/deploy} # set :default_env, { path: "/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH" } set :keep_releases, 5 namespace :deploy do desc 'Restart application' task :restart do on roles(:app), in: :sequence, wait: 5 do # Your restart mechanism here, for example: # execute :touch, release_path.join('tmp/restart.txt') within fetch :current_path do execute "/etc/init.d/unicorn_#{fetch :application} restart" end end end before :restart, 'rvm:hook' desc 'Stop application' task :stop do on roles(:app), in: :sequence, wait: 5 do # Your restart mechanism here, for example: within fetch :current_path do execute "/etc/init.d/unicorn_#{fetch :application} stop" end # execute :touch, release_path.join('tmp/restart.txt') end end before :stop, 'rvm:hook' desc 'Start application' task :start do on roles(:app), in: :sequence, wait: 5 do # Your restart mechanism here, for example: within fetch :current_path do execute "/etc/init.d/unicorn_#{fetch :application} start" end # execute :touch, release_path.join('tmp/restart.txt') end end before :start, 'rvm:hook' before 'whenever:update_crontab', 'rvm:hook' before 'whenever:clear_crontab', 'rvm:hook' after :finishing, 'deploy:cleanup' after :finished, 'deploy:restart' task :add_default_hooks do after 'deploy:starting', 'sidekiq:quiet' after 'deploy:updated', 'sidekiq:stop' after 'deploy:reverted', 'sidekiq:stop' after 'deploy:published', 'sidekiq:start' end end 部署生产设置：
# production.rb set :stage, :production # Simple Role Syntax # ================== # Supports bulk-adding hosts to roles, the primary # server in each group is considered to be the first # unless any hosts have the primary property set. role :app, %w{} role :web, %w{} role :db, %w{} # Extended Server Syntax # ====================== # This can be used to drop a more detailed server # definition into the server list. The second argument # something that quacks like a hash can be used to set # extended properties on the server. server '128.199.148.191', user: 'deployer', roles: %w{web app db} #, my_property: :my_value set :rvm_type, :system set :rvm_ruby_version, '2.1.0' set :rails_env, 'production' # you can set custom ssh options # it's possible to pass any option but you need to keep in mind that net/ssh understand limited list of options # you can see them in [net/ssh documentation](http://net-ssh.github.io/net-ssh/classes/Net/SSH.html#method-c-start) # set it globally # set :ssh_options, { # keys: %w(/home/rlisowski/.ssh/id_rsa), # forward_agent: false, # auth_methods: %w(password) # } # and/or per server # server 'example.com', # user: 'user_name', # roles: %w{web app}, # ssh_options: { # user: 'user_name', # overrides user setting above # keys: %w(/home/user_name/.ssh/id_rsa), # forward_agent: false, # auth_methods: %w(publickey password) # # password: 'please use keys' # } # setting per server overrides global ssh_options # fetch(:default_env).merge!(rails_env: :production) set :ssh_options, { auth_methods: %w(publickey password), user: '' }
没关系，但我有创建符号链接的问题。 它返回’file exists’，但我没有在存储库中创建application.yml或public / system forlder，只在共享文件夹中。 日志：
INFO[3e66cb56] Finished in 0.842 seconds with exit status 0 (successful). ** Invoke deploy:symlink:shared (first_time) ** Execute deploy:symlink:shared ** Invoke deploy:symlink:linked_files (first_time) ** Execute deploy:symlink:linked_files INFO[146e0a26] Running /usr/bin/env mkdir -p /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config on 128.199.148.191 DEBUG[146e0a26] Command: /usr/bin/env mkdir -p /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config INFO[a9a9bef0] Running /usr/bin/env mkdir -p /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config on 128.199.148.191 DEBUG[a9a9bef0] Command: /usr/bin/env mkdir -p /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config INFO[a9a9bef0] Finished in 0.848 seconds with exit status 0 (successful). INFO[146e0a26] Finished in 0.850 seconds with exit status 0 (successful). DEBUG[0f26dfb7] Running /usr/bin/env [ -L /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config/application.yml ] on 128.199.148.191 DEBUG[2d8972f0] Running /usr/bin/env [ -L /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config/application.yml ] on 128.199.148.191 DEBUG[0f26dfb7] Command: [ -L /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config/application.yml ] DEBUG[2d8972f0] Command: [ -L /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config/application.yml ] DEBUG[2d8972f0] Finished in 0.822 seconds with exit status 1 (failed). DEBUG[7858afe7] Running /usr/bin/env [ -f /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config/application.yml ] on 128.199.148.191 DEBUG[7858afe7] Command: [ -f /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config/application.yml ] DEBUG[0f26dfb7] Finished in 0.827 seconds with exit status 1 (failed). DEBUG[7e5cbc1c] Running /usr/bin/env [ -f /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config/application.yml ] on 128.199.148.191 DEBUG[7e5cbc1c] Command: [ -f /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config/application.yml ] DEBUG[7e5cbc1c] Finished in 0.838 seconds with exit status 1 (failed). INFO[9cc3b7d0] Running /usr/bin/env ln -s /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/shared/config/application.yml /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config/application.yml on 128.199.148.191 DEBUG[9cc3b7d0] Command: /usr/bin/env ln -s /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/shared/config/application.yml /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config/application.yml DEBUG[7858afe7] Finished in 0.843 seconds with exit status 1 (failed). INFO[bcf64145] Running /usr/bin/env ln -s /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/shared/config/application.yml /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config/application.yml on 128.199.148.191 DEBUG[bcf64145] Command: /usr/bin/env ln -s /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/shared/config/application.yml /home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config/application.yml INFO[9cc3b7d0] Finished in 1.032 seconds with exit status 0 (successful). DEBUG[bcf64145] ln: failed to create symbolic link '/home/deployer/apps/xxxcoast/releases/20141124144030/config/application.yml': File exists cap aborted! SSHKit::Runner::ExecuteError: Exception while executing on host 128.199.148.191: ln exit status: 1 ln stdout: Nothing written ln stderr: Nothing written /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/command.rb:97:in `exit_status=' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:148:in `block (5 levels) in _execute' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:551:in `call' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:551:in `do_request' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:561:in `channel_request' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:465:in `dispatch_incoming_packets' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:221:in `preprocess' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:205:in `process' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `block in loop' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `loop' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `loop' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:269:in `wait' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:170:in `block (3 levels) in _execute' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:514:in `call' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:514:in `do_open_confirmation' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:545:in `channel_open_confirmation' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:465:in `dispatch_incoming_packets' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:221:in `preprocess' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:205:in `process' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `block in loop' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `loop' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `loop' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:172:in `block (2 levels) in _execute' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:186:in `with_ssh' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:131:in `block in _execute' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:128:in `tap' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:128:in `_execute' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:66:in `execute' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/bundler/gems/capistrano-52591324f3ae/lib/capistrano/tasks/deploy.rake:129:in `block (5 levels) in ' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/bundler/gems/capistrano-52591324f3ae/lib/capistrano/tasks/deploy.rake:122:in `each' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/bundler/gems/capistrano-52591324f3ae/lib/capistrano/tasks/deploy.rake:122:in `block (4 levels) in ' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:54:in `instance_exec' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:54:in `run' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/runners/parallel.rb:13:in `block (2 levels) in execute' SSHKit::Command::Failed: ln exit status: 1 ln stdout: Nothing written ln stderr: Nothing written /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/command.rb:97:in `exit_status=' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:148:in `block (5 levels) in _execute' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:551:in `call' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:551:in `do_request' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:561:in `channel_request' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:465:in `dispatch_incoming_packets' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:221:in `preprocess' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:205:in `process' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `block in loop' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `loop' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `loop' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:269:in `wait' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:170:in `block (3 levels) in _execute' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:514:in `call' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:514:in `do_open_confirmation' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:545:in `channel_open_confirmation' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:465:in `dispatch_incoming_packets' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:221:in `preprocess' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:205:in `process' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `block in loop' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `loop' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/net-ssh-2.9.1/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `loop' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:172:in `block (2 levels) in _execute' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:186:in `with_ssh' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:131:in `block in _execute' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:128:in `tap' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:128:in `_execute' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:66:in `execute' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/bundler/gems/capistrano-52591324f3ae/lib/capistrano/tasks/deploy.rake:129:in `block (5 levels) in ' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/bundler/gems/capistrano-52591324f3ae/lib/capistrano/tasks/deploy.rake:122:in `each' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/bundler/gems/capistrano-52591324f3ae/lib/capistrano/tasks/deploy.rake:122:in `block (4 levels) in ' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:54:in `instance_exec' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:54:in `run' /Users/quatermain/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.0@xxxcoast/gems/sshkit-1.5.1/lib/sshkit/runners/parallel.rb:13:in `block (2 levels) in execute' Tasks: TOP => deploy:symlink:linked_files The deploy has failed with an error: Exception while executing on host 128.199.148.191: ln exit status: 1 ln stdout: Nothing written ln stderr: Nothing written ** Invoke deploy:failed (first_time) ** Execute deploy:failed
编辑：更好的日志
我发现这是因为我有重复的角色定义，因此它运行了两次symlink命令。
检查您是否没有重复的role行，或者您是否具有role行以及一体化server配置行。
我想在我的情况下加倍命令：
ln -s with "exit status 0", and next ln -s with "exit status 1" and with information "file exists"
是由于在config / deploy / production.yml中将IP服务器更改为DNS名称引起的
-role :app, %w{appuser@example.com} -role :web, %w{appuser@example.com} -role :db, %w{appuser@example.com} +role :app, %w{appuser@1.2.3.4} +role :web, %w{appuser@1.2.3.4} +role :db, %w{appuser@1.2.3.4}
我不确定这是唯一一次更改，但是当我回滚此更改（再次转到dns地址）时，没有更多的双重命令。 它看起来像capistrano缓存或存储旧配置..我发现这一点，因为我期望在日志中只有IP，但我在部署日志中看到：
INFO [d2ac8c5x] Running /usr/bin/env git remote update as appuser@example.com INFO [3fe766d1] Running /usr/bin/env git remote update as appuser@1.2.3.4
您的config/application.yml可能存在于存储库中，这导致了问题。 如果目标已经存在， ln -s将不会创建符号链接。
标志-L检查给定路径是否是符号链接。 在这种情况下，它返回退出代码1，因为它不是。