安装mysql的Rails – 安装mysql2时出错：错误：无法构建gem原生扩展

我有一个Rails 3.2.13应用程序，我想部署，但托管服务将需要MySQL，而不是我一直在使用的sqlite。

在从sqlite转换为MySQL的过程中，我不得不安装ruby gem mysql2 ，它在安装时给出了以下错误：

安装mysql2时出错：错误：无法构建gem原生扩展。

我已经尝试了bundle install ，以及gem install mysql2 ，但出现了相同的错误消息。

我知道对许多人sudo apt-get install libmysql-ruby libmysqlclient-dev的解决方案是sudo apt-get install libmysql-ruby libmysqlclient-dev ，但是我在Windows上使用Git Bash，所以我发现了Windows等价物（@ francois对这个问题的回答）。 我使用安装程序安装了MySQL Server 5.6 ，并运行以下命令：

 gem install mysql2 -- '--with-mysql-lib="c:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.6\lib" --with-mysql-include="c:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.6\include"' 

根据我的阅读，这应该成功安装’mysql2’ruby gem。 但奇怪的是，我仍然有以下错误：

  Temporarily enhancing PATH to include DevKit... Building native extensions with: '--with-mysql-lib="c:\Program 

Files \ MySQL \ MySQL Server 5.6 \ lib“–with-mysql -include =”c：\ Program Files \ MySQL \ MySQL Server 5.6 \ i nclude“’这可能需要一段时间……错误：安装mysql2时出错：ERROR ：无法构建gem原生扩展。

  c:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/bin/ruby.exe extconf.rb --with-mysql-lib="c:\Pro gram Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.6\lib" --with-mysql-include="c:\Program Files\My SQL\MySQL Server 5.6\include" checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... yes checking for rb_wait_for_single_fd()... yes checking for rb_hash_dup()... yes 

检查rb_intern3（）…是检查-llibmysql中的main（）…是检查mysql.h …是检查errmsg.h …是检查mysqld_error.h …是创建Makefile

  make generating mysql2-i386-mingw32.def compiling client.c client.c: In function 'rb_raise_mysql2_error': client.c:139:3: 

警告：ISO C90禁止混合声明和代码client.c：在函数’finish_and_mark_inactive’中：client.c：508：3：警告：ISO C90禁止混合声明和代码client.c：在函数’rb_mysql_client_abandon_results’中：client.c： 535：3：警告：ISO C90禁止混合声明和代码client.c：在函数’rb_mysql_client_next_result’中：client.c：938：5：警告：ISO C90禁止混合声明和编译mysql2_ext.c编译result.c结果的代码。 c：在函数’rb_mysql_result_fetch_fields’中：result.c：407：35：警告：有符号和无符号整数表达式离子之间的比较链接共享对象mysql2 / mysql2.so client.o：在函数nogvl_connect': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/cl ient.c:158: undefined reference to mysql_real_connect @ 32’client.o：在函数nogvl_init': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/cl ient.c:150: undefined reference to mysql_init @ 4’client.o：在func中 set_ssl_options': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/cl ient.c:1078: undefined reference to mysql_ssl_set @ 24’客户端的set_ssl_options': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/cl ient.c:1078: undefined reference to .o：在函数mysql_client_options': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/cl ient.c:723: undefined reference to mysql_options的mysql_client_options': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/cl ient.c:723: undefined reference to @ 12’c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client.c：727：对mysql_error@4' client.o: In function未定义引用mysql_error@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_info’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client.:267：对mysql_info@4' client.o: In function未定义引用mysql_info@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_warning_count’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client.:257:undefined引用mysql_warning_count@4' client.o: In function nogvl_do_result’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client.c ：370：对mysql_store_result@4' client.o: In function未定义引用 mysql_store_result@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_more_results’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client.:923 ：未定义引用mysql_more_results@4' client.o: In function nogvl_select_db’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client .c：863：未定义引用mysql_select_db@8' client.o: In function nogvl_ping’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / cl ient.c：894：未定义引用mysql_ping@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_thread_id’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3。 13 \ ext \ mysql2 / cl ient.c：856：未定义引用mysql_thread_id@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_last_id’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / cl ient.c：825：对mysql_insert_id@4' client.o: In function未定义引用mysql_insert_id@4' client.o: In function nogvl_read_query_result’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9。 1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / cl ient.c：357：未定义引用mysql_read_query_result@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_server_info’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client.c：788：对mysql_get_server_version@4' c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/cl ient.c:789: undefined reference to未定义引用mysql_get_server_version@4' c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/cl ient.c:789: undefined reference to mysql_get_server_info @ 4’client.o：在函数rb_mysql_client_info': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/cl ient.c:756: undefined reference to mysql_get_client_version @ 0’c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / cl ient.c：757：未定义引用mysql_get_client_info@0' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_real_escape’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / cl ient.c：662：对mysql_real_escape_string@16' client.o: In function未定义引用mysql_real_escape_string@16' client.o: In function finish_and_mark_i中 nactive’：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / cl ient.c：515：对mysql_free_result@4' client.o: In function未定义引用mysql_free_result@4' client.o: In function nogvl_send_query’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / cl ient.c：334：对mysql_send_query@12' client.o: In function未定义引用mysql_send_query@12' client.o: In function nogvl_close’：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client.:190:undefined引用mysql_close@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_escape’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client.c ：238：未定义引用mysql_escape_string@12' client.o: In function rb_raise_mysql2_error’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / cl ient.c：125：未定义引用mysql_error@4' c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/cl ient.c:126: undefined reference to mysql_sqlstate @ 4’c：\ RailsIn的mysql_error@4' c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/cl ient.c:126: undefined reference to staller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / cl ient.c：140：未定义引用mysql_errno@4' client.o: In function rb_connect’ ：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / cl ient.c：297：未定义引用mysql_errno@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_store_result’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client.c：966：未定义引用mysql_errno@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_next_result’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client.c：939：undefined reference to mysql_next_result@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_affected_rows’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client.c：839 ：未定义引用mysql_affected_rows@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_async_result’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client .c：419：你 ndefined引用mysql_errno@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_abandon_results’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client。 c：539：未定义引用mysql_next_result@4' c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/cl ient.c:538: undefined reference to mysql_more_results @ 4’c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / cl ient.c：547：未定义引用mysql_free_result@4' client.o: In function nogvl_do_result’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client.c：368：undefined reference到mysql_use_result@4' client.o: In function nogvl_close’：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / client.c： 190：未定义引用mysql_close@4' client.o: In function set_charset_name’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / cl ient.c：1067：undefined referen ce to mysql_options@12' c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/cl ient.c:1069: undefined reference to mysql_error @ 4 ‘client.o：在函数init_mysql2_client': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/cl ient.c:1105: undefined reference to mysql_get_client_info @ 0’come.o：在函数rb_mysql_result_count': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/re sult.c:576: undefined reference to mysql_num_rows的rb_mysql_result_count': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/re sult.c:576: undefined reference to @ 4’rend.o：在函数rb_mysql_result_fetch_field': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/re sult.c:126: undefined reference to mysql_fetch_field_direct @ 8’c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / re sult.c：114 ：未定义引用mysql_num_fields@4' result.o: In function rb_mysql_result_fetch_fields’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / re sult .c：403：你 ndefined对mysql_num_fields@4' result.o: In function引用mysql_num_fields@4' result.o: In function nogvl_fetch_row’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / re sult。 c：105：未定义引用mysql_fetch_row@4' result.o: In function rb_mysql_result_free_result’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / re sult.c：75：对mysql_free_result@4' result.o: In function未定义引用mysql_free_result@4' result.o: In function rb_mysql_result_fetch_row’中：c：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ lib \ ruby​​ \ gems \ 1.9.1 \ gems \ mysql2-0.3.13 \ ext \ mysql2 / re sult.c：213：未定义引用mysql_fetch_lengths@4' c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/re sult.c:215: undefined reference to mysql_num_fields @ 4’rend.o：函数rb_mysql_result_each': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/re sult.c:503: undefined reference to mysql_fetch_fields @ 4’rend.o：在函数rb_mysql_result_free_result': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/re sult.c:75: undefined reference to rb_mysql_result_free_result': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/re sult.c:75: undefined reference to mysql_free_result的rb_mysql_result_free_result': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/re sult.c:75: undefined reference to @ 4’rend.o：在函数rb_mysql_result_each': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/re sult.c:531: undefined reference to mysql_fetch_fields @ 4’rend.o：in function rb_mysql_result_free_result': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/re sult.c:75: undefined reference to mysql_free_result的rb_mysql_result_free_result': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/re sult.c:75: undefined reference to @ 4’sult.o：在函数rb_mysql_result_each': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/re sult.c:490: undefined reference to mysql_num_rows @ 4’rend.o：在函数rb_mysql_result_free_result': c:\RailsInstaller\Ruby1.9.3\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\mysql2-0.3.13\ext\mysql2/re sult.c:75: undefined reference to mysql_free_result @ 4′ collect2：ld返回1退出状态make：*** [mysql2.so]错误1

  Gem files will remain installed in c:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9 .1/gems/mysql2-0.3.13 

检查。 结果记录到c：/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/mysql2-0。 3.13 / EXT / mysql2 / gem_make.out

 Can anyone please help? I am having much trouble comprehending what's wrong with the installation. 

Answer 1

我在Win64环境中遇到了同样的错误。

我测试了很多解决方案，但唯一对我有用的是：

• gem install mysql2 -v’0.3.11′

Answer 2

我一直对同样的问题感到恼火，最后成功安装了mysql2 。 感谢odiszapc @ github 。 看来我通过谷歌发现的任何其他解决方案都不适用于我。

从这里复制并粘贴。 所以没有信任我。

 gem uninstall mysql2 Download last MySQL connector from http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/Connector-C/mysql- connector-c-noinstall-6.0.2-win32.zip Extract it to C:\connector-6.0.2 gem install mysql2 --platform=ruby -- '--with-mysql-lib="C:\connector-6.0.2\lib" --with-mysql-include="C:\connector-6.0.2\include" --with-mysql-dir="C:\connector-6.0.2"' 

关于我的其他信息。

• ruby 1.9.3p392（2013-02-22）[i386-mingw32]
• Rails 3.2.13
• MySQL Server 5.6
• mysql2-0.3.13

PS即使您成功安装了mysql2 ，您可能仍需要一些工作（例如mysql2.so（LoadError）），并且在我的情况下它与libmysql有关，似乎是另一个关于mysql2的重大故障。

Answer 3

我在Windows 7 64位上安装。 对我有用的是：

从以下url下载C 32位连接器存档： http ： //dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/c/

我把它提取到C：\ Temp。 如果使用其他目录，请调整下一个命令。

 gem install mysql2 --platform=ruby -- '--with-mysql-dir="C:\Temp\mysql-connector-c-6.1.3-win32"' 

Answer 4

痛苦……很痛苦。 最后工作做：

（平台：Windows64bits，Ruby32bits，DevKit32bits ……）

1. 从http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/Connector-C/mysql-connector-c-noinstall-6.0.2-win32.zip/from/pick下载C语言的mysql连接器
2. 在名称中没有空格的目录中解压缩连接器！
3. 将lib / libmysql.dll文件复制到ruby / bin中
4. gem install mysql2 – –with-mysql-dir = D：\ RoR \ mysql-connector-c（所以给连接器的目录而不是服务器的目录）

我启动并运行了mysql2 v0.3.17 …

Answer 5

1. 从下载Mysql连接器
   http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/Connector-C/mysql-connector-c-noinstall-6.0.2-win32.zip/from/pick 。
2. 提取它。 复制lib \ libmysql.dll文件并将其粘贴到Ruby的bin目录ex： C：\ RailsInstaller \ Ruby1.9.3 \ bin
3. 现在再次安装Mysql2 gem
   gem install mysql2 – ‘ – with-mysql-lib =“c：\ Program Files \ MySQL \ MySQL Server 5.0 \ lib \ opt”–with-mysql-include =“c：\ Program Files \ MySQL \ MySQL Server 5.0 \包括“”
   注意：根据您的需要更改mysql安装路径
4. 现在尝试捆绑