错误：执行gem时…（Gem :: FilePermissionError）
我检查了所有其他类似的答案，没有一个与我的完全一样，这些解决方案中的任何一个都不适合我。
gem environment和sudo gem environment给出了相同的结果：
RubyGems Environment: - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 1.5.3 - RUBY VERSION: 1.8.7 (2011-12-28 patchlevel 357) [x86_64-linux] - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8 - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /usr/local/bin/ruby - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /usr/local/bin - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS: - ruby - x86_64-linux - GEM PATHS: - /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8 - /home/ava/.gem/ruby/1.8 - GEM CONFIGURATION: - :update_sources => true - :verbose => true - :benchmark => false - :backtrace => false - :bulk_threshold => 1000 - REMOTE SOURCES: - http://rubygems.org/
rvm -v ： rvm 1.22.3
ruby -v ： ruby 1.8.7
OSX 10.8.4
echo $PATH /usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin:/home/ava/.rvm/bin:/home/ava/bin
gem install 给出
ERROR: While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError) You don't have write permissions into the /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8 directory.
而我可以通过sudo安装相同的。 我究竟做错了什么？
更新：
根据评论和这篇文章 ，我运行了以下内容：
rvm implode然后重新安装稳定版本。 rvm install 1.9.3或任何其他ruby安装失败
Error running '__rvm_make -j24', please read /home/ava/.rvm/log/log/1378418790_ruby-1.9.3-p194/make.log There has been an error while running make. Halting the installation.
make.log
[2013-09-05 22:06:48] make current path: /home/ava/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p194 command(2): make -j24 CC = gcc LD = ld LDSHARED = gcc -shared CFLAGS = -O3 -ggdb -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -fPIC XCFLAGS = -include ruby/config.h -include ruby/missing.h -fvisibility=hidden -DRUBY_EXPORT CPPFLAGS = -I. -I.ext/include/x86_64-linux -I./include -I. DLDFLAGS = -Wl,-soname,libruby.so.1.9 SOLIBS = -lpthread -lrt -ldl -lcrypt -lm compiling main.c compiling dmydln.c compiling dmyencoding.c compiling version.c compiling miniprelude.c compiling array.c compiling bignum.c compiling class.c compiling compar.c compiling complex.c compiling dir.c compiling dln_find.c compiling enum.c compiling enumerator.c compiling error.c compiling eval.c compiling load.c compiling proc.c compiling file.c : : : In file included from ossl.h:213, from ossl_pkcs5.c:5: openssl_missing.h:71: error: conflicting types for 'HMAC_CTX_copy' /usr/local/include/openssl/hmac.h:102: error: previous declaration of 'HMAC_CTX_copy' was here openssl_missing.h:95: error: conflicting types for 'EVP_CIPHER_CTX_copy' /usr/local/include/openssl/evp.h:459: error: previous declaration of 'EVP_CIPHER_CTX_copy' was here make[2]: *** [ossl_pkcs5.o] Error 1 In file included from ossl.h:213, from ossl_x509req.c:11: : : :
要解决此错误：
错误：执行gem时…（Gem :: FilePermissionError）您没有写入/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8目录的权限。
以下解决方案适合我：
sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods
如果您已经以root用户身份安装了rvm ，那么您必须sudo来安装任何东西。
您可以作为普通用户在用户模式下安装rvm ，在这种情况下，所有内容都存储在您的主目录中，并且不需要sudo 。
如果您未致力于此特定安装，请键入sudo rvm implode并重新开始。
您的全局 （系统范围）配置文件可能设置了--no-user-install标志。 创建/编辑本地~/.gemrc文件并附加以下行：
:gemdir: - ~/.gem/ruby install: --user-install
注意
gemdir选项的实际目录将根据您的系统/期望而有所不同; 它可能需要也可能不需要，但最好在你的home文件夹（ gemdir ）中指定所需的安装目录，而不是假设它本身会被处理gemdir 。
ArchLinux Wiki有一些有用/组织良好的信息。
chruby
或者，类似于已经建议的rvm解决方案，您可以尝试使用chruby来维护，配置和使用本地版本的ruby 。 但是，要安装其他版本的ruby ，您需要使用ruby-install 。
$ brew install chruby ruby-install $ ruby-install ruby 2.4.0 $ echo "source /usr/local/opt/chruby/share/chruby/chruby.sh" >> ~/.bash_profile $ echo "chruby ruby" >> ~/.bash_profile # Do this to select the default alternative ruby installation, assuming # there is no other version installed. $ chruby ruby ## Otherwise, list the available ruby versions installed, and select $ chruby ruby-2.3.0 ruby-2.4.0 $ chruby ruby-2.4.0
从项目的自述文件中：
改变当前的Ruby。 特征
Updates $PATH. Also adds RubyGems bin/ directories to $PATH. Correctly sets $GEM_HOME and $GEM_PATH. Users: gems are installed into ~/.gem/$ruby/$version. Root: gems are installed directly into /path/to/$ruby/$gemdir. Additionally sets $RUBY_ROOT, $RUBY_ENGINE, $RUBY_VERSION and $GEM_ROOT. Optionally sets $RUBYOPT if second argument is given. Calls hash -r to clear the command-lookup hash-table. Fuzzy matching of Rubies by name. Defaults to the system Ruby. Optionally supports auto-switching and the .ruby-version file. Supports bash and zsh. Small (~100 LOC). Has tests.防function
Does not hook cd. Does not install executable shims. Does not require Rubies be installed into your home directory. Does not automatically switch Rubies by default. Does not require write-access to the Ruby directory in order to install gems.要求
bash >= 3 or zsh
假设已安装rvm，您可以执行以下操作：
$ rvm install 2.1.1 $ rvm @global do gem install compass
不需要做sudo。
错误：执行gem时…（Gem :: FilePermissionError）您没有/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0目录的写权限。
首先安装RVM，然后在.zshrc或.bashrc中设置用户gem文件夹，否则：
export GEM_HOME="$HOME/.gem"
现在gem i LIB将把gem放在安全的位置。
您可能没有沿该路径某处的写入权限（很可能是/ usr / local / lib），您需要更改RVM存储的位置以便不需要sudo
请注意，如果您选择执行rvm的多用户安装，则必须通过rvm组将每个用户添加到rvm组
usermod -a -G rvm
来自rvm 常见问题解答的相关信息