耙子流产了！ Gem :: LoadError：为数据库适配器指定’postgresql’

我是Rails的新手。 一切都还可以，直到我更改我的Gemfile才能使用heroku。 我在我的Gemfile中有pg但是在运行bundle exec rake test时我仍然遇到这个错误

我也不能使用rails控制台。

  rake aborted! Gem::LoadError: Specified 'postgresql' for database adapter, but the gem is not loaded. Add `gem 'pg'` to your Gemfile (and ensure its version is at the minimum required by ActiveRecord). /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:177:in `rescue in spec' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:174:in `spec' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:50:in `establish_connection' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:120:in `block (2 levels) in ' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `instance_eval' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `execute_hook' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:45:in `block in run_load_hooks' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:44:in `each' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:44:in `run_load_hooks' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/base.rb:316:in `' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/base.rb:26:in `' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:411:in `maintain_test_schema!' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_help.rb:19:in `' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' /home/rihanna/workspace/sample_app/test/test_helper.rb:3:in `' /home/rihanna/workspace/sample_app/test/controllers/static_pages_controller_test.rb:1:in `require' /home/rihanna/workspace/sample_app/test/controllers/static_pages_controller_test.rb:1:in `' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `require' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `block (3 levels) in define' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `each' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `block (2 levels) in define' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:113:in `each' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:113:in `block in define' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:20:in `invoke_rake_task' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/testing.rake:8:in `block in ' Gem::LoadError: pg is not part of the bundle. Add it to Gemfile. /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/bundler-1.8.5/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:261:in `block in replace_gem' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:16:in `' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:175:in `spec' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:50:in `establish_connection' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:120:in `block (2 levels) in ' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `instance_eval' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `execute_hook' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:45:in `block in run_load_hooks' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:44:in `each' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:44:in `run_load_hooks' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/base.rb:316:in `' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/base.rb:26:in `' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:411:in `maintain_test_schema!' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_help.rb:19:in `' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' /home/rihanna/workspace/sample_app/test/test_helper.rb:3:in `' /home/rihanna/workspace/sample_app/test/controllers/static_pages_controller_test.rb:1:in `require' /home/rihanna/workspace/sample_app/test/controllers/static_pages_controller_test.rb:1:in `' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `require' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `block (3 levels) in define' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `each' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `block (2 levels) in define' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:113:in `each' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:113:in `block in define' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:20:in `invoke_rake_task' /home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/testing.rake:8:in `block in ' Tasks: TOP => test:run 

这是我的Gemfile：

 source 'https://rubygems.org' # Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails' gem 'rails', '4.2.0' # Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record #gem 'pg' # Use SCSS for stylesheets gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0' # Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0' # Use CoffeeScript for .coffee assets and views gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.1.0' # See https://github.com/sstephenson/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes # gem 'therubyracer', platforms: :ruby # Use jquery as the JavaScript library gem 'jquery-rails' # Turbolinks makes following links in your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/rails/turbolinks gem 'turbolinks' # Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.0' # bundle exec rake doc:rails generates the API under doc/api. gem 'sdoc', '~> 0.4.0', group: :doc # Use ActiveModel has_secure_password # gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7' # Use Unicorn as the app server # gem 'unicorn' # Use Capistrano for deployment # gem 'capistrano-rails', group: :development group :development, :test do # Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console gem 'byebug' gem 'sqlite3' # Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using  in views gem 'web-console', '~> 2.0' # Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring gem 'spring' end group :production do gem 'pg', '0.18.1' gem 'rails_12factor', '0.0.2' end 

Answer 1

请更换以下内容

 group :development, :test do # Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console gem 'byebug' gem 'sqlite3' # Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> in views gem 'web-console', '~> 2.0' # Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring gem 'spring' end 

这样

 group :development, :test do # Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console gem 'byebug' gem 'pg' # Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> in views gem 'web-console', '~> 2.0' # Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring gem 'spring' end 

对于开发和测试，你需要gem pg用于postgresql适配器而不是gem sqlit3

Answer 2

类似的问题，尽管Gemfile是正确的（pg在produciton，sqlite在dev，database.yml有postgresql）。 捆绑拒绝接载pggem。

我正在编写heroku实例的创建脚本，所以这一切都在cli上

我的解决方案

• 显式添加postgress附加组件（ heroku addons:create heroku-postgresql:hobby-dev --app ）。 这似乎迫使它尽早创建DATABASE_URL（ Created postgresql-xxxxxxx-9999 as DATABASE_URL ）。 捆绑似乎工作。

• 我考虑/尝试并为每个环境创建保留的其他内容是为了确保在进程heroku config:set --app RAILS_ENV=production强制设置变量heroku config:set --app RAILS_ENV=production