关于Ruby Tutorial第9章的RSPEC错误
我在mac osx10.8上使用ruby 1.8.7。 我不知道这些错误是什么意思。 我目前正处于ruby on rails教程的第9章末尾。 任何帮助是极大的赞赏！
1) Authentication signin with invalid information Failure/Error: before { click_button "Sign in" } NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:21 2) Authentication signin with invalid information Failure/Error: before { click_button "Sign in" } NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:21 3) Authentication signin with invalid information after visiting another page Failure/Error: before { click_button "Sign in" } NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:21 4) Authentication signin with valid information Failure/Error: before { sign_in user } NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:34 5) Authentication signin with valid information Failure/Error: before { sign_in user } NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:34 6) Authentication signin with valid information Failure/Error: before { sign_in user } NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:34 7) Authentication signin with valid information Failure/Error: before { sign_in user } NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:34 8) Authentication signin with valid information Failure/Error: before { sign_in user } NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:34 9) Authentication signin with valid information Failure/Error: before { sign_in user } NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:34 10) Authentication signin with valid information followed by signout Failure/Error: before { sign_in user } NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:34 11) Authentication authorization for non-signed-in users when attempting to visit a protected page after signing in should render the desired protected page Failure/Error: click_button "Sign in" NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:60 12) Authentication authorization for non-signed-in users when attempting to visit a protected page after signing in when signing in again should render the default (profile) page Failure/Error: click_button "Sign in" NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:60 13) Authentication authorization for non-signed-in users as wrong user visiting Users#edit page Failure/Error: before { sign_in user } NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:106 14) Authentication authorization for non-signed-in users as wrong user submitting a PUT request to the Users#update action Failure/Error: before { sign_in user } NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:106 15) User pages index Failure/Error: sign_in user NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:12 16) User pages index Failure/Error: sign_in user NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:12 17) User pages index pagination Failure/Error: sign_in user NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:12 18) User pages index pagination should list each user Failure/Error: sign_in user NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:12 19) User pages signup page with valid information edit page Failure/Error: sign_in user NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:78 20) User pages signup page with valid information edit page Failure/Error: sign_in user NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:78 21) User pages signup page with valid information edit page Failure/Error: sign_in user NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:78 22) User pages signup page with valid information edit with invalid information Failure/Error: sign_in user NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:78 23) User pages signup page with valid information edit with valid information Failure/Error: sign_in user NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:78 24) User pages signup page with valid information edit with valid information Failure/Error: sign_in user NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:78 25) User pages signup page with valid information edit with valid information Failure/Error: sign_in user NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:78 26) User pages signup page with valid information edit with valid information Failure/Error: sign_in user NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:78 27) User pages signup page with valid information edit with valid information Failure/Error: sign_in user NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:8:in `create' # (eval):2:in `send' # (eval):2:in `click_button' # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:13:in `sign_in' # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:78 我的会话控制器：
class SessionsController < ApplicationController def new @title = "Sign in" end def create user = User.find_by_email(params[:session][:email].downcase) if user && user.authenticate(params[:session][:password]) sign_in user redirect_back_or user else flash.now[:error] = 'Invalid email/password combination' render 'new' end end def destroy sign_out redirect_to root_path end end
我的User_pages_spec
require 'spec_helper' describe "User pages" do subject { page } describe "index" do let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) } before(:each) do sign_in user visit users_path end it { should have_selector('title', :text => 'All users') } it { should have_selector('h1', :text => 'All users') } describe "pagination" do before(:all) { 30.times { FactoryGirl.create(:user) } } after(:all) { User.delete_all } it { should have_selector('div.pagination') } it "should list each user" do User.paginate(:page => 1).each do |user| page.should have_selector('li', :text => user.name) end end end end describe "signup page" do before { visit signup_path } let(:submit) { "Create my account" } it { should have_selector('h1', :text => 'Sign up') } it { should have_selector('title', :text => full_title('Sign up')) } describe "with invalid information" do it "should not create a user" do expect { click_button submit }.not_to change(User, :count) end describe "after submission" do before { click_button submit } it { should have_selector('title', :text => 'Sign up') } it { should have_content('error') } end end describe "with valid information" do before do fill_in "Name", :with => "Example User" fill_in "Email", :with => "user@example.com" fill_in "Password", :with => "foobar" fill_in "Confirmation", :with => "foobar" end it "should create a user" do expect { click_button submit }.to change(User, :count).by(1) end describe "after saving the user" do before { click_button submit } let(:user) { User.find_by_email('user@example.com') } it { should have_selector('title', :text => user.name) } it { should have_selector('div.alert.alert-success', :text => 'Welcome') } end describe "edit" do let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) } before do sign_in user visit edit_user_path(user) end describe "page" do it { should have_selector('h1', :text => "Update your profile") } it { should have_selector('title', :text => "Edit user") } it { should have_link('change', :href => 'http://gravatar.com/emails') } end describe "with invalid information" do before { click_button "Save changes" } it { should have_content('error') } end describe "with valid information" do let(:new_name) { "New Name" } let(:new_email) { "new@example.com" } before do fill_in "Name", :with => new_name fill_in "Email", :with => new_email fill_in "Password", :with => user.password fill_in "Confirm Password", :with => user.password click_button "Save changes" end it { should have_selector('title', :text => new_name) } it { should have_selector('div.alert.alert-success') } it { should have_link('Sign out', :href => signout_path) } specify { user.reload.name.should == new_name } specify { user.reload.email.should == new_email } end end end end end
我的authentication_pages_spec：
require 'spec_helper' describe "Authentication" do subject { page } describe "signin page" do before { visit signin_path } it { should have_selector('h1', :text => 'Sign in') } it { should have_selector('h1','title', :text => 'Sign in') } end describe "signin" do before { visit signin_path } describe "with invalid information" do before { click_button "Sign in" } it { should have_selector('h1', 'title', :text => 'Sign in') } it { should have_error_message } describe "after visiting another page" do before { click_link "Home" } it { should_not have_error_message } end end describe "with valid information" do let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) } before { sign_in user } it { should have_selector('title', :text => user.name) } it { should have_link('Profile', :href => user_path(user)) } it { should have_link('Sign out', :href => signout_path) } it { should have_link('Settings', :href => edit_user_path(user)) } it { should have_link('Users', :href => users_path) } it { should_not have_link('Sign in', :href => signin_path) } describe "followed by signout" do before { click_link "Sign out" } it { should have_link('Sign in') } end end end describe "authorization" do describe "for non-signed-in users" do let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) } describe "when attempting to visit a protected page" do before do visit edit_user_path(user) fill_in "Email", :with => user.email fill_in "Password", :with => user.password click_button "Sign in" end describe "after signing in" do it "should render the desired protected page" do page.should have_selector('title', :text => 'Edit user') end describe "when signing in again" do before do click_link "Sign out" click_link "Sign in" fill_in "Email", :with => user.email fill_in "Password", :with => user.password click_button "Sign in" end it "should render the default (profile) page" do page.should have_selector('title', :text => user.name) end end end end describe "in the Users controller" do describe "visiting the edit page" do before { visit edit_user_path(user) } it { should have_selector('title', :text => 'Sign in') } it { should have_selector('div.alert.alert-notice') } end describe "submitting to the update action" do before { put user_path(user) } specify { response.should redirect_to(signin_path) } end describe "visiting the user index" do before { visit users_path } it { should have_selector('title', :text => 'Sign in') } end end describe "as wrong user" do let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) } let(:wrong_user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user, :email => "wrong@example.com") } before { sign_in user } describe "visiting Users#edit page" do before { visit edit_user_path(wrong_user) } it { should_not have_selector('h1', 'title', :text => full_title('Edit user')) } end describe "submitting a PUT request to the Users#update action" do before { put user_path(wrong_user) } specify { response.should redirect_to(root_url) } end end end end end
新，html.erb：
Sign in
"btn btn-large btn-primary" %> New user?
该错误是由于params[:session]为nil ，而这又是因为您在视图中使用form_tag而不是form_for ，可能是因为在第9章结束时进行了第一次练习。您可以使用form_tag ，但是您必须在SessionsController中进行相应的更改以符合RailsCast＃270（即在您的find_by_email调用中将电子邮件地址引用为params[:email] 。）。